After being exposed to tumor cells that harbor mutp53, M0 and M2 macrophages showed increased IL-10, CCL2, and VEGF while less TNF-α expression when compared with equivalent macrophages co-cultured with cells lacking mutp53 or in cells where mutp53 was knocked-down (Fig. 1a, b, Supplementary Fig. 1d). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.