The EMT phenomenon is likely not limited to adenocarcinomas; for example, a recent study has investigated expression of E-cadherin and vimentin in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and found evidence for a post-EMT status in 63 out of 105 cases; again, mesenchymal tumor characteristics were associated with poor overall survival14. Here, VIM is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.