Another mechanism in which viral proteins promote GBM growth is the activation of the PDGFR-α and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB) pathways, i.e., pathways crucial for the stimulation of GBM proliferation [45, 90, 91]. The gene discussed is PDGFRA; the disease is glioblastoma.