CXCL8 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Previous studies showed that various inflammatory factors and chemokines also play an important role in the development of COPD and inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, amplify the inflammatory response, while anti-inflammatory factors, such as IL-10, increase to cope with the airway inflammation (Zhou et al., 2016).