Administration of selective P2X7 receptor antagonists ameliorated motor and memory deficit, and significantly attenuated 6-OHDA-induced microgliosis (Marcellino et al., 2010; Carmo et al., 2014; Ferrazoli et al., 2017; Kumar et al., 2017), suggesting a pro-inflammatory role for P2X7 receptor signaling via microglia activation in PD. The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is Parkinson disease.