P2RX7 and autoimmune disease: Csóka et al. (2015a) also demonstrated increased cytokine levels in septic mice treated with oATP (an irreversible non-specific P2X7 antagonist), conflicting with several reports conferring anti-inflammatory properties to oATP by inhibition of P2X7 receptor, and other inflammatory signaling pathways (i.e., MyD88/NF-kB) and cytokine production in vitro and in models of autoimmune disease (Beigi et al., 2003; Vergani et al., 2013a,b; Savio et al., 2017a).