P2RX7 and infection: Finally, Mortimer et al. (2015) described that infection by Entamoeba histolytica, an extracellular human parasite that causes intestinal and extra-intestinal amebiasis, induces α5β1 integrin activation and ATP release through pannexin-1 channels activating P2X7 receptor and, consequently, NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages.