Recent publications have shown that expression of several DNA damage recognition and repair (DRR) genes -MLH1, RAD51, BRCA1, MSH2 and NBS1-decreases under hypoxic conditions via HIF-1-dependent and -independent mechanisms, and that this repression of DNA-DRR leads to genomic instability, carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and treatment failure [21–27]. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and neoplasm.