Although CML LSCs express costimulatory molecules and MHC molecules and induce the proliferation of effector T cells in vitro, IFN-γ-stimulated, PD-L1/PD-L2-over-expressing LSCs have been shown to accelerate CML progression after serial transplantation in mice [9]. Here, HLA-C is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.