CD38 and acute myeloid leukemia: Transcriptional profiling of phenotypically-defined HSC subsets has shown that IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) is dysregulated in clonotypic stem and progenitor cells from patients with high-risk (-7/7q-) AML and is over-expressed on lineage−CD34+CD38− HSCs from patients with high-risk MDSs [47].