Moreover, the pathological changes in the spinal cord in the early course of NMOSD, that is the formation of perivascular lesions with AQP4 loss around radial vessels in the posterior and lateral columns, and the growth of lesions at the gray/white matter junction [51▪▪], are very similar to the changes observed in AQP4-abspositive Lewis rats with T-cell-induced CNS inflammation [13,19,20,51▪▪,52,53]. This evidence concerns the gene AQP4 and inflammatory response.