From a Phase 1A trial on NPC patients in Hong Kong and UK, the modified vaccinia Ankara- (MVA-) based LMP2 and EBNA1 (MVA-LMP2/EBNA1) vaccine has resulted in a postvaccination immune boosting of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses with low off-target toxicities in both Chinese and European descents [19, 20]. Here, PSMB9 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.