SF3A3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Likewise, statistically significant associations were observed between training-induced transcriptional changes at gene level and plasma metabolomics responses in healthy subjects, but not in COPD patients, as shown in Fig. 5 wherein the relationships between training-induced changes the splicing factor SF3A3 (∆SF3A3) and ∆glutamine are depicted for healthy subjects (RHealthy = 0.7, PHealthy = 0.001) and for COPD patients (RCOPD = − 0.14, PCOPD = 0.518).