Depletion of the histone chaperone protein ASF1 is able to induce the ALT mechanism concomitant with inhibition of telomerase activity in HeLa cells [107]; moreover (as reported in Section 2.1) mutations in genes encoding for the ATRX/DAXX complex have been found in many ALT cancers [32,48,76,77,78]. The gene discussed is ATRX; the disease is cancer.