In particular in NSCLC, CXCR4 targeting was able to counteract the chemotherapy-induced metastatic spread of chemoresistant fractions of CD133+CXCR4+ CSCs, pointing at combination therapy with CXCR4 inhibitor as an attractive novel strategy to improve neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapy for these tumors [20]. The gene discussed is CXCR4; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.