In our previous studies, FSHR-binding fragments, including FSH β 33-53 and FSH β 81–95 peptides, facilitated nanoparticle drug delivery into ovarian cancer cells and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel compared with nanoparticles without FSH peptide modification (Zhang et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2013; Fan et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene FSHR and ovarian carcinoma.