TGFB1 and neoplasm: In the present study, we predicted that seven biological processes/signaling pathways are commonly perturbed by dysregulated miRNAs in gastric, colorectal, and liver cancers (Table 1), among which four of them, namely, Wnt/β-catenin, Ras-Raf-MAPK, TGF-β/BMP and PDGF signaling are relatively well known for their oncogenic or tumor suppressing properties.