In contrast to the findings of Li and co-workers, our results led us to conclude that, in infants with cryptorchidism and defective mini-puberty, testosterone is essential for the gonocyte-to-Ad spermatogonia transition; moreover, we concluded that testosterone had an effect after GnRHa treatment on expression of Sertoli cell specific genes, such as AR. Here, AR is linked to cryptorchidism.