Since the initial description, ROS1 fusions have been later detected in a wide range of malignancies including inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour [35, 36], cholangiocarcinoma [37], ovarian cancer [38], gastric cancer [39], colorectal cancer [40], angiosarcoma [41], spitzoid melanoma [42], and NSCLC [24, 43–56]. This evidence concerns the gene ROS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.