Another recent finding confirmed the paradoxical activation of cancer associated fibroblast conferred melanoma resistance towards BRAF inhibition, as observed from (a) reduced ERK/MAP kinase activity in reduced stromal density region, (b) co-culture of melanoma cells with fibroblast declined drug-induced apoptosis on melanoma cells, (c) BRAF inhibitor augmented matrix remodelling ability of fibroblast. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and cancer.