A recent post-mortem study of patients suffering from schizophrenia who underwent leucotomy, which can be considered as a form of single traumatic brain injury with a severe axonal damage, has demonstrated scattered Aβ plaques restricted to the lesional site only in patients with the APOE ε4 genotype and minimal CAA in 2 of 10 patients with APOE ε3/ε4 genotype (67 and 86 years old with and without leucotomy, respectively) [42]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is schizophrenia.