As shown in a previous study, motor neurons from subjects with ALS displaying abnormal TDP-43 accumulation exhibit an increase in the amount of TARDBP mRNA in the cytoplasm (Koyama et al., 2016), whereas other studies have observed higher amounts of TDP-43 in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain-derived exosomes obtained from patients with ALS (Kasai et al., 2009; Iguchi et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.