One possibility is that oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia and various factors in diabetes and/or insulin resistance may cause shedding of surface monocyte CD163 by TACE/ADAM17 activation, resulting in an increase of CD163low monocytes and, subsequently, an increase in preM1 and M1-like monocytes [30, 31]. This evidence concerns the gene ADAM17 and Hyperglycemia.