The anti-sense transcription of protein coding genes EEF1A1, COL8A1, EEF2, APOD, RPE65, CLU, UBC and other ribosomal proteins responsible for eukaryotic transcription were upregulated 3 to 4-fold in the AMD PRCS as compared to PRCS (q-values > 1 E-15). Here, EEF1A1 is linked to age-related macular degeneration.