Interestingly, in 2012, Beekman et al. reported a novel acquired membrane proximal CSF3R autoactivating mutation, now known to be CSF3RT618I (also referred to as CSF3RT595I if the 23-amino-acid signal peptide is excluded from the numbering of amino acids), in a patient with SCN having developed AML 17 years after initiating G-CSF treatment (in this case co-occurring with a CSF3R truncating mutation)103. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3R and acute myeloid leukemia.