Figure 2 shows stratified risks according to age, family history, tumour type and tumour size. In our cohort, enriched with familial, GH-secreting adenomas and young-onset cases, 70.8% of patients were identified as low risk, 9.2% as intermediate risk, while 20% were at high risk (risk ≥20%). Calibration results, comparing observed and model-predicted AIP mutation risk across the three risk groups, are depicted in the online supplementary figure 1. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was non-significant (P=0.213), suggesting that the model is well calibrated. Here, AIP is linked to neoplasm.