Males subfertile to infertile; testis wt decreased (AROM+), 50% increased wt (Int-5/aromatase) Testis: Leydig cell hyperplasia/hypertrophy and tumors; abnormal spermatogenesis; decreased serum T, increased estradiol; increased ESR1; increased cyclin D1. Here, PARPBP is linked to Infertility.