TNF and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: Patients with CC (median=0.0098, range, 0.0027-0.0413) showed significantly higher mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) than patients with CIN (median=0.0057, range, 0.0020-0.0224, P=0.009) or healthy controls (median=0.0043, range, 0.0006-0.0176, P<0.0001).