The identification of accurate predictive factors to guide therapy was subject of numerous studies and several robust predictors of death as portal vein invasion (PVI), tumor size, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, Child-Pugh class [2], the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), the Okuda [3] and Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) systems [4] or the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score [5] have been described. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is cancer.