INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: Thus, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics approaches suggest the existence of altered pathways that affect protein folding, cytoskeleton, immune response, inflammation, iron metabolism, fibrinolysis and thrombosis, TGF-beta pathway, insulin signaling pathway, intracellular calcium metabolism, and oxidative stress, among others, which could play a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS [43, 44].