Besides, in vitro evaluation of cytokines in the pre- and post-LR blood components revealed that IL-1β, IL-8 and RANTES levels were remarkably increased in the post-LR RBCs when compared with those in the pre-LR RBCs, whereas IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly increased in the post-LR PHs when compared with those in the pre-LR PHs during the storage of blood units. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Pallister-Hall syndrome.