Interestingly, when compared to HSV-2 alone, all recombinant C. crescentus tested, including Cc-Control and Cc-Microvirin, which did not prevent development of HSV-2 symptoms, provided a significant reduction of approximately 1 log in viral load in the vaginal lavage fluid at day 2 post-infection (Fig. 5c). Here, CXCR1 is linked to infection.