In order to determine what IFN-lambda3 polymorphisms actually mean and how these polymorphisms interact with other factors that influence immunity and/or energy metabolism in RCC patients, we need to study the mechanisms underlying the relationship between IFN-lambda3 polymorphism and tumor sensitivity to VEGF-targeting or PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies and/or overall survival, including immune cell infiltration and angiogenesis, the systemic immune response and cytokine profile, and variation of the tumor response to cytokines associated with different SNPs. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.