Our results are in line with a recent study showing that R848 induces differentiation of AML cells, and considerably impairs the growth of human AML cells in immunodeficient mice [10]; as R848 activates both TLR7 and TLR8, the authors tested other agonists specific for both TLR8 and TLR7 and they conclude that the differentiation induced by R848 is TLR8-mediated. The gene discussed is TLR7; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.