When only the definite TB cases (n = 160) were compared to all the ORDs, regardless of HIV infection status, significant differences were observed for the unstimulated levels of VEGF, IFN-γ, IFN-α2, sCD40L, MIP-1β, TGF-α, MMP-9 and the antigen-specific levels of TGF-α, IFN-γ, VEGF and IL-1ra (see Supplementary Table S2). Here, TGFA is linked to tuberculosis.