The most accurate biosignature for the diagnosis of smear positive TB (IFN-γN, TGF-αN, IL-1αN, MMP-2N, EGFAg-N, VEGFAg-N and TGF-α Ag-N) performed in this study group with a sensitivity of 75.7% (28/37) and specificity of 80% (52/65) in the test set, whereas the most accurate biosignature for the diagnosis of smear negative TB (IFN-γN, IFN-αN, sCD40LN, IL-1αN, MMP-2N, MMP-9N and IFN-α2Ag-N) performed with a sensitivity of 60% (24/40) and specificity of 70.8% (102/144). The gene discussed is TGFA; the disease is tuberculosis.