Moreover, in vivo oral treatment of AD-1 (at a doses of 10-40 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks) dose-dependently suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors by more than 55% (40 mg/kg) without disturbing body weight of athymic nude mice, in association with decreasing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tumor tissue via ROS generation and p38 MAPK activation [47]. Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.