Notably, rs6495309 in the promoter of the CHRNA3 gene was reported to affect the binding ability of the transcriptional factor Oct-1 that has been shown to repress gene transcription, resulting in alteration of CHRNA3 RNA expression, impacting the ability to enter into apoptosis, thereby influencing lung cancer risk [16, 17]. The gene discussed is CHRNA3; the disease is lung cancer.