We used DCA concentrations on the range of that found in plasma of DCA-treated patients [32, 33] and tested the effect on the expression of 4 ABC transporters, ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC5 and ABCG2, involved in MDR, in 3 AML cell lines with different p53 status: OCI-AML3 cells express wt p53, HL60 are p53 null and NB4 are mutp53 [7]. This evidence concerns the gene ABCB1 and acute myeloid leukemia.