GSK3B and cancer: By activating downstream signaling pathways, such as protein kinase A (PKA) [16], extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) [26] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT)/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) pathway [27], EP3 enhances the viability [16], proliferation [28], and invasiveness [15] of various cancer cells.