Hence, to evaluate the effect of PSA-based mass screening in China, as early as 1996, the Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Prostate Disease of Jilin University launched a PSA-based mass screening program for prostate cancer in a Chinese cohort in Changchun, China, in cooperation with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.