Moreover, many genes on chromosome 21 are implicated in cancer development, such as amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1), dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) etc., suggesting that the alteration of the incidence of cancer in DS is attributed to the combined effect of multiple genes [103-105]. This evidence concerns the gene DYRK1A and cancer.