FGF9 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: T2DM affects bone regeneration, through impairment of osteoclastogenesis and decreased biomarker levels in diabetic mice such as runt-related transcription factor 2, PCNA, and osteocalcin. Impairment of angiogenesis and osteogenesis could be reversed by local application of FGF-9 and VEGF-A, the latter to a lesser degree