HAVCR2 and neoplasm: As CD8+ T cells are the major anti-tumor effector cells in  TILs20–22, we assayed the exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, LAG3, CTLA-4)23–25 in CD8+ T cells isolated from 14-3-3ζhigh and from 14-3-3ζlow group.