SLC30A8 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Therefore, regarding the loss of ZnT8 function, the zinc deficiency shifts the equilibrium of the insulin oligomers toward monomers and dimers, which isolate hIAPP monomers (nontoxic form) and prevent hIAPP from self-association and subsequent aggregation (toxic forms), thereby reducing the risk of T2DM (Figure 2B) [55].