TLR3 and infection: As with the components upstream of MAVS, genes encoding TLR3 and TLR7 upstream of MyD88 increased after WNV infection: TLR3, while constitutively expressed at high levels in CD11b- DCs, was increased in F4/80hi MΦs after infection; however, on a per cell basis, most of the TLR3 was found in CD11b- DCs (Fig 8B and 8C).