Consistent with the RNA-sequencing and RT-PCR results, Chi3l1 KO mice had increased mRNA for anti-tumor immunity molecules including CTSE, TRAL, IFNγ, T-bet, Perforin, and Granzyme B, while the expression of Th1-inhibitory molecules such as Twist1 and SOCS1 was significantly reduced (Fig. 6h). This evidence concerns the gene CTSE and neoplasm.