As ERα is the key driver and therapeutic target in both genders, we compared ERα chromatin binding in female (17 from Ross-Innes et al.10, 9 from Jansen et al.9 and 10 generated in-house) and male (30 generated in-house) breast tumors (Fig. 5a), along with its pioneer factor FOXA1 (n = 7 for both genders) (Fig. 5b). Here, ESR1 is linked to breast neoplasm.