Other studies have found associations between the innate and the adaptive immune response and infection outcome, for example, self-cure and high levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8); latent infection and high levels of IL-6 or specific interferon-γ-producing T cells; disease progression and high levels of IL-10, TNF-α, and sHLA-G 31, 32, 33. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.