VEGFA and retinopathy of prematurity: Studies in animal models representative of severe ROP in humans show that inhibition of VEGF with neutralizing intravitreal antibodies at certain doses effective at inhibiting retinopathy also reduce pup growth, reduce retinal capillary density and result in recurrent intravitreal neovascularization in association with activation of angiogenic signaling pathways in the retina11,12.