EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Although non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death and comprises 23% of total cancer deaths[1], a subpopulation with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) with the development of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI)[2–4].