Finally, they utilized their overexpressing cell line models and implanted them into nude mice, finding that OR3A4 overexpressing gastric cancer cell lines grew significantly faster and more aggressively than with knockdown of OR3A4. Downstream analysis of target genes demonstrated that OR3A4 targets PDLIM2, a putative tumor suppressor than regulates cell cycle and adhesion; PIWIL1, a transcriptional silencer; and DLX4 which induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TWIST1. Here, PIWIL1 is linked to gastric cancer.