Germline heterozygous mutations in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 were previously shown to increase the overall risk of breast and of ovarian cancer by 40%–65% and 15%–45%, respectively [6, 7]; therefore, genetic testing of BRCA1/2 is used to diagnose hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) [4, 7–9]. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and ovarian cancer.