CD8A and neoplasm: There was no difference in tumour growth or tumour cell populations including MSCs and CAFs after intratumoural treatment of EVs from cultured CMS5a-bearing BALB/c CD8+ splenocytes (BALB TB CD8 EVs) (Supplementary Figs. 5, 7a–c and 10a), indicating the importance of the biological conditions as well as the culture period for CD8+ T cells to release functional EVs.